Iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini leoli negesi, kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yolwakhiwo lwaselwandle nolwaselunxwemeni.Aba matshini banomthwalo onzima benzelwe ukujongana nokunyuswa kunye nokubeka imithwalo enzima kwiindawo ezicela umngeni kwi-offshore.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ikhokelele kuphuhliso lweiikhreyini zaselunxwemenikunye ne-Active Heave Compensation (AHC), eye yaphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwemisebenzi yokuphakamisa i-offshore.
Yintoni icrane engaselunxwemeni ene-AHC?
I-crane ye-offshore kunye ne-AHC sisixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuphakamisa esenzelwe ukuhlawulela ukuhamba ngokuthe nkqo kwenqanawa okanye iqonga efakwe kulo.Obu bugcisa buvumela i-crane ukuba igcine indawo ye-hook engaguqukiyo xa kuthelekiswa nolwandle, naphantsi kweemeko zolwandle ezirhabaxa.Iinkqubo ze-AHC zisebenzisa i-sensor eziphambili kunye nokulawula i-algorithms ukulungelelanisa ngokusebenzayo ukunyakaza kwe-hoisting, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthwalo uhlala uzinzile kwaye ukhuselekile kulo lonke umsebenzi wokuphakamisa.
Inzuzo ephambili yeekhreyini ezixhotyiswe nge-AHC ekude nonxweme kukukwazi kwabo ukunciphisa iziphumo zentshukumo yenqanawa, efana ne-heave, pitch, kunye ne-roll, enokuthi ibe nefuthe elibonakalayo kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kokuphakamisa imisebenzi kwiindawo ezingaphesheya.Ngokuhlawulela ngokusebenzayo la mandla aguqukayo, iikhreyini ze-AHC zenza ukuba ukuphathwa kwemithwalo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulawulwayo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokuphucula imveliso yokusebenza ngokubanzi.
Umahluko phakathi kwe crane yaselwandle kunye ne crane offshore
Ngoxa zombiniiikhrayini zaselwandlekunye neecranes zaselwandle zisetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa nokuphatha imisebenzi elwandle, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini zezixhobo.Iikhreyini zaselwandle ziqhele ukufakwa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zenqanawa, ezinjengeenqanawa zempahla, iinqanawa zeenqanawa, kunye nezithwala isambuku, ukuququzelela ukuphatha imithwalo kunye nemisebenzi yokuphakamisa ngokubanzi ngexesha lothutho lwaselwandle.Ezi cranes ziyilelwe ukuba zisebenze phantsi kweemeko zolwandle ezizinzile kwaye azixhotyiswanga ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo ukuhlawula intshukumo yenqanawa.
Kwelinye icala, iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukuba zisetyenziswe kumaqonga e-oyile kunye nerhasi engaselunxwemeni, iirigi zokomba, kunye neenqanawa zokwakha, apho ziphantsi kocelomngeni lweemeko zokusingqongileyo, kubandakanya nolwandle olulatyuzayo, imimoya ebhudla ngamandla, kunye neentshukumo zenqanawa ezinamandla.Iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni zenzelwe ukukhawulelana nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza, kunye neempawu ezifana neenkqubo ze-AHC, ulwakhiwo olunzima, kunye nokhuseleko lomhlwa olwandisiweyo ukumelana nemekobume erhabaxa engaselunxwemeni.
Ukudityaniswa kobuchwephesha be-AHC kubeka iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni ngokwahlukileyo kwiicranes zaselwandle, njengoko zibenza bakwazi ukugcina ulawulo lomthwalo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuzinza, nakwiindawo ezimbi zolwandle.Esi sikhundla sibalulekile ekuphakamiseni imisebenzi kumashishini angaphandle, apho ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinto eziluncedo kwiicranes zaselwandle ezine-AHC
Ukudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji ye-AHC kwiikhreyini zaselunxwemeni kunika iingenelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezinegalelo kukhuseleko lulonke kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuphakanyiswa kwe-offshore:
1. Ukuzinza komthwalo ophuculweyo: Iinkqubo ze-AHC zihlawulela ngokusebenzayo ukuhamba kweenqanawa, ziqinisekisa ukuba umthwalo uhlala uzinzile kwaye ukhuselekile kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuphakamisa.Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokujika komthwalo, ukungqubana, kunye nomonakalo onokwenzeka kumthwalo okanye izixhobo eziphakanyiswayo.
2. Ukusebenza okuphuculweyo kokusebenza: Ngokugcina i-hook ehlala ihleli ngokuhambelana namazantsi olwandle, iikhreyini ze-AHC zenza kube lula kunye nokulawulwa imisebenzi yokuphakamisa, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kunye nokwandisa imveliso kwimisebenzi ye-offshore.
3. Ukhuseleko kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko: Ulawulo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuzinza okubonelelwa buchwephesha be-AHC negalelo kwindawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kubasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ekuphakamiseni imisebenzi, kunye nempahla kunye neziseko kwiqonga elingaselunxwemeni okanye kwinqanawa.
4. Izakhono zokusebenza ezongeziweyo: Iikrane ezixhotyiswe nge-AHC zangaphandle ziyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuphakamisa kuluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zolwandle, kubandakanywa ulwandle olunzima kunye nomngeni wezulu, ukwandisa ifestile yokusebenza kwimisebenzi ye-offshore.
5. Ukunciphisa ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula: Imbuyekezo esebenzayo ebonelelwa ziinkqubo ze-AHC inceda ukunciphisa imithwalo eguquguqukayo kunye noxinzelelo kwisakhiwo se-crane kunye namacandelo, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni iimfuno zokugcinwa kunye nokwandisa izixhobo zokusebenza.
Ngokubanzi, iikhreyini zaselwandle ezinetekhnoloji ye-AHC zimele ukuqhubela phambili okubonakalayo kwintsimi yokuphakamisa kunye nokuphatha izixhobo zaselwandle, ezibonelela ngokhuseleko oluphuculweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokusebenza kwiimeko ezifunwayo ezingaselunxwemeni.
Usetyenziso lweekhreyini zaselunxwemeni ezine-AHC
Iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni ezine-AHC zifumana usetyenziso olwahlukileyo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo oshishino lwaphesheya, kubandakanya:
1. Ukuhlolwa kweoli kunye negesi ye-offshore kunye nemveliso: Iikrane ezixhotyiswe nge-AHC zisetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa nokuphatha izixhobo ezinzima, ukubonelela, kunye nemisebenzi yokudluliselwa kwabasebenzi kwi-offshore drilling rigs, iiplatifomu zokuvelisa, kunye neenqanawa zokuxhasa.
2. Ulwakhiwo kunye nofakelo lwaselunxwemeni: Ezi cranes zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kufakelo lweziseko ezingundoqo ezingaphantsi kolwandle, njengemibhobho, iimodyuli zangaphantsi kolwandle, kunye namacandelo einjini yomoya ekude nonxweme, apho ukunyuswa okuchanekileyo nokulawulwayo kubalulekile.
3. Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwe-offshore: Iikhreyini ze-AHC zisetyenziselwa ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwemisebenzi yofakelo ngaphandle kolwandle, kubandakanywa nokutshintshwa kwezixhobo, iikhomponenti kunye nezakhiwo kwiimeko ezinzima zolwandle.
4. Ukukhutshwa kwe-offshore: Ngexesha lokupheliswa kwamaqonga kunye nezakhiwo ezikude nonxweme, iikhreyini ze-AHC ziqeshelwe ukukhutshwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kweemodyuli ezinzima eziphezulu kunye neziseko zolwandle.
Izakhono eziguquguqukayo kunye nezakhono eziphambili zeecranes ezikude nonxweme kunye ne-AHC zibenza zibe yimpahla eyimfuneko kuluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi yangaphandle, igalelo kwimpumelelo yonke kunye nokhuseleko lweeprojekthi ezikude nonxweme.
Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kunye neendlela
Njengoko ishishini le-offshore liqhubeka nokuvela, kukho ugxininiso olukhulayo kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe obuphambili kunye nezinto ezintsha zokuphucula ngakumbi izakhono zeekhreyini zangaphandle kwe-AHC.Ezinye zezona ziphambili zophuhliso kunye neentsingiselo kulo mmandla ziquka:
1. Ukudityaniswa kwedijithali kunye ne-automation: Ukufakwa kwe-digitalization kunye ne-automation technologies kwiinkqubo ze-AHC kuya kwenza ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela, uhlalutyo lwedatha, kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili, ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwee-cranes ze-offshore.
2. Izakhono zokuphatha umthwalo ophuculweyo: Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye neenzame zophuhliso zijolise ekwandiseni amandla okunyusa kunye namandla okusebenza kweekhreyini ezixhotyiswe nge-AHC e-offshore ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhulayo zeeprojekthi zangaphandle.
3. Ukuzinza kokusingqongileyo: Kukho ugxininiso olukhulayo ekudityanisweni kweempawu ezihambelana ne-eco-friendly kunye nezisombululo ezisebenza ngamandla kuyilo lwe-crane ye-offshore, ukulungelelaniswa nokuzinikela kweshishini kwimisebenzi ezinzileyo kunye nenoxanduva.
4. Ukuziqhelanisa nemingeni emitsha ye-offshore: Ngokwandiswa kwemisebenzi ye-offshore emanzini anzulu kunye neendawo ezikude kakhulu, ii-cranes zase-offshore kunye ne-AHC ziya kufuneka zilungelelanise imingeni emitsha, efana neemeko zemozulu ezimbi kunye neemeko ezinzima zokuphakamisa.
Ukuqukumbela, iikhreyini zaselunxwemeni ezineMbuyekezo ye-Active Heave (AHC) zimele ukuqhubela phambili okubonakalayo kobuchwepheshe kwindawo yezixhobo zokuphakamisa elwandle, ezibonelela ngokhuseleko oluphuculweyo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokusebenza kwiindawo ezicela umngeni ngaphandle konxweme.Ukudityaniswa kobuchwephesha be-AHC kwenza ezi cranes zithomalalise iziphumo zentshukumo yenqanawa, zigcine ulawulo lomthwalo oluchanekileyo, kwaye zandise amandla azo okusebenza, zizenze zibe yimpahla eyimfuneko kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zaphesheya.Njengoko ishishini le-offshore liqhubeka nokuvela, uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nezinto ezintsha kwii-cranes ezixhotyiswe nge-AHC zangaphandle ziya kuba negalelo ngakumbi ekuqhubeleni phambili imisebenzi ye-offshore kunye nokhuseleko jikelele kunye nokuzinza koshishino.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-25-2024
