Okhrayini base-Offshore badlala indima ebalulekile embonini kawoyela negesi, kanye nasemisebenzini eyahlukene yokwakha olwandle naphesheya kwezilwandle.Le mishini esindayo iklanyelwe ukuphatha ukuphakamisa kanye nokubeka imithwalo esindayo ezindaweni eziyinselele ezingasogwini.Eminyakeni yamuva, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kweama-cranes asogwininge-Active Heave Compensation (AHC), eye yathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwemisebenzi yokuphakamisa ulwandle.
Iyini i-crane yasolwandle ene-AHC?
I-crane yasogwini ene-AHC iyithuluzi lokuphakamisa elikhethekile elakhelwe ukunxephezela ukunyakaza okuqondile komkhumbi noma ipulatifomu ofakwe kuyo.Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela i-crane ukuthi ikwazi ukugcina i-hook ehlala njalo uma iqhathaniswa nendawo engaphansi kolwandle, ngisho nasezimeni zolwandle olugubhayo.Amasistimu e-AHC asebenzisa izinzwa ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokulawula ama-algorithms ukuze alungise ngokuqhubekayo ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo uhlala uzinzile futhi uvikelekile kulo lonke uhlelo lokuphakamisa.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yama-cranes asogwini ahlonyiswe yi-AHC yikhono lawo lokunciphisa imithelela yokunyakaza komkhumbi, njenge-heave, pitch, and roll, okungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni kahle kokuphakamisa imisebenzi ezindaweni ezingasogwini lolwandle.Ngokunxephezela ngenkuthalo lawa mandla ashukumisayo, ama-cranes e-AHC anika amandla ukuphatha umthwalo onembile futhi olawulwayo, ehlisa ingcuphe yezingozi futhi athuthukise ukukhiqiza okuphelele kokusebenza.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-marine crane kanye ne-offshore crane
Nakuba kokubiliama-cranes asolwandlekanye nama-cranes asogwini asetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa kanye nokuphatha imisebenzi olwandle, kunomehluko ohlukile phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zemishini.Okhrayini basolwandle bavamise ukufakwa ezinhlotsheni ezehlukene zemikhumbi, njengemikhumbi ethwala impahla, imikhumbi yamabhokisi, nemithwalo ethwala ngobuningi, ukuze kube lula ukuphatha impahla kanye nemisebenzi yokuphakamisa okuvamile ngesikhathi sokuthutha olwandle.Lawa ma-cranes aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zolwandle ezizinzile futhi awahlomekile ngezici ezikhethekile zokunxephezela ukunyakaza komkhumbi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-cranes asogwini aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ezinkundleni zikawoyela negesi angasogwini, izinsimbi zokumba, nemikhumbi yokwakha, lapho engaphansi kwezimo zemvelo eziyinselele, okuhlanganisa ulwandle olugubhayo, imimoya enamandla, kanye nokunyakaza kwemikhumbi enamandla.Ama-cranes asogwini akhiwe ukuze ahlangabezane namazinga aqinile okuphepha nokusebenza, anezici ezifana nezinhlelo ze-AHC, ukwakhiwa komsebenzi osindayo, nokuvikela ukugqwala okuthuthukisiwe ukuze amelane nemvelo enzima yasogwini.
Ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe be-AHC kwenza ama-cranes asogwini ahluke kuma-marine cranes, njengoba abenza bakwazi ukugcina ukulawulwa komthwalo okunembile nokuzinza, ngisho nasezifundeni zasolwandle ezimbi.Leli khono libalulekile ekuphakamiseni imisebenzi ezimbonini ezingasogwini, lapho ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, nokunemba kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinzuzo zama-cranes angasogwini nge-AHC
Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-AHC kuma-cranes angasogwini kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezifaka isandla ekuphepheni kukonke kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yokuphakamisa ulwandle:
1. Ukuzinza komthwalo okuthuthukisiwe: Izinhlelo ze-AHC zinxephezela ngenkuthalo ukunyakaza komkhumbi, ziqinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo uhlala uzinzile futhi uvikelekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokuphakamisa.Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bokushwibeka komthwalo, ukungqubuzana, kanye nokulimala okungaba khona kwempahla noma okokusebenza okuphakanyiswayo.
2. Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kokusebenza: Ngokugcina i-hook imile ngokuhambisana nendawo engaphansi kolwandle, okhreyini be-AHC benza imisebenzi yokuphakamisa eshelelayo futhi elawulwa kakhulu, enciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokwandisa umkhiqizo emisebenzini yasogwini.
3. Ukuphepha nokunciphisa ingozi: Ukulawula okunembile nokuzinza okunikezwa ubuchwepheshe be-AHC kunomthelela endaweni ephephile yokusebenza yabasebenzi abathintekayo ekuphakamiseni imisebenzi, kanye nempahla nengqalasizinda endaweni yesikhulumi noma umkhumbi wasolwandle.
4. Amakhono anwetshiwe okusebenza: Okhrayini basogwini abahlome nge-AHC bayakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuphakamisa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zasolwandle, okuhlanganisa ulwandle olugubhayo kanye nesimo sezulu esiyinselele, ukwandisa iwindi lokusebenza lemisebenzi yasogwini.
5. Ukuguga okuncishisiwe: Isinxephezelo esisebenzayo esinikezwa amasistimu e-AHC sisiza ukunciphisa imithwalo eguquguqukayo nezingcindezi esakhiweni se-crane nezingxenye, okuholela ekuncishisweni kwezidingo zokunakekela kanye nobude besikhathi bemishini enwetshiwe.
Sekukonke, ama-cranes asogwini anobuchwepheshe be-AHC amele inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile emkhakheni wokufukula nokuphatha ulwandle, enikeza ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza ezindaweni ezikude nogu olufunayo.
Izicelo zama-cranes angasogwini ne-AHC
Ama-cranes angasogwini ane-AHC athola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene emikhakheni eyahlukene yemboni yasogwini, okuhlanganisa:
1. Ukuhlola nokukhiqiza uwoyela negesi yasogwini: Okhrayini abahlome nge-AHC basetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa nokuphatha izinto ezisindayo, izimpahla, kanye nemisebenzi yokudlulisa abasebenzi emigwaqweni yokumba yasogwini, amapulatifomu okukhiqiza, kanye nemikhumbi yokusekela.
2. Ukwakhiwa nokufakwa ngasogwini lolwandle: Lawa ma-cranes adlala indima ebalulekile ekufakweni kwengqalasizinda engaphansi kolwandle, njengamapayipi, amamojula angaphansi kolwandle, kanye nezingxenye ze-offshore wind turbine, lapho ukuphakamisa okunembayo nokulawulwayo kubalulekile.
3. Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwe-Offshore: Okhreyini be-AHC basetshenziselwa ukunakekela nokulungisa izinto ezifakwa ngasogwini, okuhlanganisa ukushintshwa kwemishini, izingxenye, kanye nezakhi zesakhiwo esimweni solwandle esiyinselele.
4. Ukuqedwa kokusebenza phesheya kwezilwandle: Ngesikhathi sokuyekiswa ukusebenza kwamapulatifomu nezakhiwo ezingasogwini, kusetshenziswa okhreyini be-AHC ukuze kukhishwe ngendlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo yamamojula asindayo angaphezulu kanye nengqalasizinda yolwandle.
Ukuguquguquka kanye nekhono elithuthukile lama-cranes asogwini ne-AHC awenza abe yimpahla ebaluleke kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi yasogwini, okunikela empumelelweni nasekuphepheni kwamaphrojekthi aphesheya kwezilwandle.
Intuthuko nezitayela zesikhathi esizayo
Njengoba imboni ye-offshore iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kukhona ukugxila okukhulayo ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nezinqubo ezintsha zokuthuthukisa amakhono ama-cranes asogwini nge-AHC.Ezinye zentuthuko esemqoka yesikhathi esizayo kanye nezitayela kulo mkhakha zihlanganisa:
1. Ukuhlanganiswa kokusebenza kwedijithali nokuzenzakalela: Ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalela ezinhlelweni ze-AHC kuzovumela ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela, ukuhlaziya idatha, nokunakekelwa okubikezelwayo, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwama-cranes asogwini.
2. Amandla okuphatha umthwalo athuthukisiwe: Imizamo eqhubekayo yocwaningo nentuthuko ihloselwe ukukhulisa amandla okuphakamisa kanye namandla okusebenza kwamakhrayini ahlonyiswe yi-AHC asogwini ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezikhulayo zamaphrojekthi aphesheya kwezilwandle.
3. Ukusimama kwendawo ezungezile: Kunokugcizelela okukhulayo ekuhlanganisweni kwezici ezivumelana nemvelo kanye nezixazululo ezonga amandla emiklamo ye-offshore crane, ehambisana nokuzibophezela kwemboni ekusebenzeni okusimeme nokunesibopho.
4. Ukujwayela izinselele ezintsha zasogwini: Ngokunwetshwa kwemisebenzi yasogwini emanzini ajulile nasezindaweni ezikude kakhulu, ama-cranes angasogwini ane-AHC kuzodingeka avumelane nezinselele ezintsha, njengezimo zezulu ezimbi kanye nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphakamisa.
Sengiphetha, ama-cranes asogwini ane-Active Heave Compensation (AHC) amele inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile yezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuphakamisa ulwandle, enikeza ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, ukusebenza kahle, nokusebenza ezindaweni eziyinselele zasogwini.Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-AHC kwenza la ma-cranes anciphise imiphumela yokunyakaza komkhumbi, agcine ukulawulwa komthwalo okunembile, futhi andise amandla awo okusebenza, okuwenza abe yimpahla esemqoka ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zasolwandle.Njengoba imboni ye-offshore iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, intuthuko eqhubekayo kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kokhrayini abahlomele i-AHC basogwini kuzophinde kube negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza phesheya kwezilwandle kanye nokuphepha okuphelele nokusimama kwemboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-25-2024
